Despite the widespread success of neural networks, their susceptibility to adversarial examples remains a significant challenge. Adversarial training (AT) has emerged as an effective approach to ...

Marine communities around the world show trophic convergence in similar environments, complementing our understanding of the factors that determine the biogeography of marine species. The existence of ...

E.F.’s research is supported by the project INIC-UV UVA22991; as well as the Fondecyt Project Number 1211323. N. V. Grishin, Y. I. Wolf, E. V. Koonin, From complete genomes to measures of substitution ...

Neuropsychiatric conditions, such as schizophrenia, are linked to cortical neuron atrophy and reduced neuronal spine density, a measure of neuroplasticity. Psychedelic drugs, such as lysergic acid ...

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of gathering information on pathogen characteristics as early as possible when an outbreak strikes. But it also underscored how quickly much of that ...

Contributed by M. Brian Maple; received October 1, 2024; accepted February 13, 2025; reviewed by Satoshi Fujimoto and Xiaolong Liu ...

Illustration of the reorganization of jaw muscles and the skull following an increase in brain size during bird evolution. The avian skull underwent significant modifications during the evolution of ...

Glaucon blue butterfly (Euphilotes glaucon) visiting sulphur-flower buckwheat (Eriogonum umbellatum) in Washoe County, Nevada. Image credit: Cynthia Scholl (University of Nevada, Reno, NV). Extinction ...

Despite decades of research, psychiatrists still don’t have reliable biomarkers to trace the path of human misery. The complexity and heterogeneity of psychiatric conditions means that there are no ...

Edited by Lily Jan, Howard Hughes Medical Institute–University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; received August 17, 2024; accepted March 3, 2025 ...

Designing and constructing mechanical systems to operate at a microscale are challenging tasks. Yet, organisms such as fruit flies perform many of the desired movements and functions of a microscale ...

Trackways 2 and 1 in the rescued slabs are in close proximity to one another (~30 cm apart) and are preserved in a very thin (~0.05 cm) and relatively smooth and flat mud drape. Falkingham & ...