Many different types of lasers have evolved over the decades including ruby and neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) crystal-based designs, CO 2 gas models and solid-state, fiber-based ...

With the Q-switched Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm, a zero offset should be used so that the beam will converge precisely on the TDW. The anatomic target for goniopuncture is preferably Descemet's ...