Vaccines help prepare the immune system for this fight, while antibiotics or antiviral drugs serve as its allies on the battlefield, targeting the pathogens and preventing them from multiplying and ...

The body’s defense system against infection also fights tumors, generating tumor resident stem-like T cells and killer T cells that express inhibitory receptors such as PD-1. When PD-1 binds to PD-L1 ...

Muscle-strengthening exercise (MSE)—also known as strength, weight or resistance training—includes activities that use equipment such as free weights, resistance machines, resistance bands or body ...