Everyone at that time imagined the atom as a "plum pudding ... He realized that Rutherford's model wasn't quite right. By all rules of classical physics, it should be very unstable.

Therefore, electrons cannot be arranged at random, but they must have fixed levels of energy within each type of atom. Bohr's 'solar system' model of the atom is the way that most people think ...

He suggested that an atom was a tiny solid ball. He published his ideas in 1803. This atomic model has changed over time. Scientists used the model to make predictions. Sometimes the results of ...

Rutherford made a series of discoveries about the nature of atoms and, working with colleagues Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden, presented a planetary model of the atom in 1911. In it, he laid out ...

Researchers have experimentally recreated another fundamental theoretical model from quantum physics, which goes back to the Nobel Prize laureate Werner Heisenberg. The basis for the successful ...