In 1961, Ernest Tupes and Raymond Christal identified five personality factors that others would reanalyze and rename. Lewis Goldberg used the term Big Five in 1981 to describe these broad factors.

Snook, Scott, Paul T. Bartone, Jarie Eid, Bjorn Helge Johnsen, and Jon Christian Laberg. "Big Five Personality Factors, Hardiness, and Social Judgment as Predictors of Leader Performance." Leadership ...

Using the Big Five traits (or five-factor model) as a foundation, Five-Factor Theory proposes that the development of common personality traits is largely determined by biological factors ...

One major way to understand yourself more deeply is by learning where you fall on the Big Five personality inventory, which is an assessment that allows folks to understand their personality structure ...

Many researchers believed Cattell’s 16-factor theory was too complex and Eysenck’s three-factor model too narrow. In response, the Big Five personality traits were developed, offering a ...