Each of the 20 amino acids has a specific side chain, known as an R group, that is also attached to the α carbon. The R groups have a variety of shapes, sizes, charges, and reactivities.

This process, known as condensation or dehydration synthesis ... They are used in the production of pharmaceuticals, dietary supplements, and food additives. Amino acids can also be modified or ...

The creation of amino acids from Earth's raw materials may well have been the first step of evolution. It also opens the possibility (since the proposed atmosphere was based on proportions of ...

the race to decode which triplets specified which amino acids began. The simplest way to decipher the code would be to start with an mRNA molecule of known sequence, use it to direct the synthesis ...

"Tyrosine is also converted into the neurotransmitter ... Restricting protein intake, and thereby reducing the intake of essential amino acids, is known to trigger various metabolic and behavioral ...

Proteins (also known as polypeptides) are organic compounds made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain. The amino acids in a polymer chain are joined together by the peptide bonds between the ...

While these diets can support good health, they also present distinct nutritional challenges, particularly around protein quality. Proteins are composed of amino acids, nine of which are indispensable ...