Goshen is an unincorporated community in Mercer County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. Goshen was originally called McKinneysville, and under the latter name was platted in 1860. A post office called Goshen was established in 1854, and remained in operation until 1904. The community derives its name from the Land of Goshen, a place mentioned in the …Goshen is an unincorporated community in Mercer County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. Goshen was originally called McKinneysville, and under the latter name was platted in 1860. A post office called Goshen was established in 1854, and remained in operation until 1904. The community derives its name from the Land of Goshen, a place mentioned in the Hebrew Bible.