Caoayan, officially the Municipality of Caoayan, is a municipality in the province of Ilocos Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it h…Caoayan, officially the Municipality of Caoayan, is a municipality in the province of Ilocos Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 19,574 people. Prior to the arrival of Spanish expeditions to the area, the Port of Pandan was an important trading post for Chinese and inter-island vessels, and one of the commodities once traded there was bamboo. Later on, Spanish authorities who patrolled the area for pirates known as tirong, came to a place near the island called Puro, and asked the name of the place. Thinking that they wanted to know the name of the bamboo floating in rafts on the Baggoc River waiting to be traded, the natives answered "kawayan." The Spanish then listed the place's name as Caoayan.
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